Kelas : 3EB24
NPM: 29214956
Review Article 8
Colorectal
cancer subtypes: Translation to routine clinical pathology
Highlights
·
•Consensus Molecular Subtypes of
CRC utilize mRNA profiling.
·
•mRNA profiling is not easily
translated to the clinical setting.
·
•Phenotypic features of CRC are
the most prognostic and easily translated to clinic.
·
•Phenotypic subtyping could be the
first step towards precision medicine for CRC.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the
second most common cause of cancer death in Europe. Although outcomes have improved,
it is clear that from a genomic standpoint CRC is not one disease, but a
heterogeneous group of malignancies that arise within one organ. Given that
different subtypes have different outcomes, the ability to subtype tumours in
the clinic would be highly favourable, enabling optimal treatment for
individual patients. In 2015, a consortium proposed four consensus subtypes for
CRC (MSI immune, canonical, metabolic, and mesenchymal) based on six
classifications systems reported to have prognostic value. However, genomic
assessment of tumours is not readily translated into routine pathology with a
need for standardisation and reproducibility of assessment.
Immunohistochemistry is widely used in routine pathology, and would present a
more readily translatable method for subtyping CRC tumours. Therefore, the
literature was reviewed to characterise the genomic and phenotypic features
associated with each subtype, with the aim of enabling subtyping of CRC to be
taken forward into routine clinical practice.
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